We are thus led to distinguish, within the broad educational process which we have been so far considering, a more formal kind of education -- that of direct tuition or schooling.
出自-2009年考研翻译原文
If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.
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When our ancestors were hunters and gatherers 10,000 years ago, they didn’t have time to wonder much about anything besides finding food.
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What is the real relationship between education and economic development? We have to suspect that continuing economic growth promotes the development of education even when governments don’t force it.
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This DNA can reveal genetic information about only one or two ancestors, even though, for example, just three generations back people also have six other great-grandparents or, four generations back, 14 other great-great-grandparents.
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Their thinking often had a traditional superstitions quality.
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The findings of a research institution have consistently shown that workers in all countries can be trained on the job to achieve radical higher productivity and, as a result, radically higher standards of living.
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Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society.
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More than 60,000 people have purchased the PTKs since they first become available without prescriptions last years, according to Doug Fog, chief operating officer of Identigene, which makes the over-the-counter kits.
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Mean while , many settles had slighter religious commitments than Dane’s, as one clergyman learned in confronting folk along the coast who mocked that they had not come to the New world for religion.
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He notes that each individual has many ancestors-numbering in the hundreds just a few centuries back.
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But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits, we create parallel synaptic paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new, innovative tracks.
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At puberty, however, the brain shuts down half of that capacity, preserving only those modes of thought that have seemed most valuable during the first decade or so of life.
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We have no land ethic yet, but we have at least drawn nearer the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right,regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us.
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The evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.
出自-2010年考研翻译原文
Some species of trees have been\read out of the party\by economics-minded foresters because they grow too slowly, or have too low a sale value to pay as timber crops.
出自-2010年考研翻译原文
One basic weakness in a conservation system based wholly on economic motives is that most members of the land community have no economic value.
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Moreover, some have been found to have a valuable function in building up soil fertility.
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It is only in recent years that we hear It is only in recent years that we hear the more honest argument that predators are members of the community, and that no special interest has the right to exterminate them for the sake of a benefit ,real or fancied ,to itself.
出自-2010年考研翻译原文
Here again, evidence had to be economic in order to be valid.
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“So few authors have brains enough or literary gift enough to keep their own end up in journalism,” Newman wrote,“that I am tempted to define‘journalism’ as‘a term of contempt applied by writers who are not read to writers who are'.
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Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it’s just not fair.
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The first and more important is the consumer's growing preference for eating out: the consumption of food and drink in places other than homes has risen from about 32 percent of total consumption in 1995 to 35 percent in 2000 and is expected to approach 38 percent by 2005.
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The Federal Circuit’s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Count that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders.
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The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility form special interests.
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Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods Amazon.
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Of all the changes that have taken place in English-language newspapers during the past quarter-century,perhaps the most far-reaching has been the inexorable decline in the scope and seriousness of their arts coverage.
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Now the nation's top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago.
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Most leading retailers have already tried e-commerce, with limited success, and expansion aboard.
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Moreover,the amateur tradition in music criticism has been in headlong retreat.
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Marketers have embraced the two-step flow because it suggests that if they can just find and influence the influentials,those selected people will do most of the work for them.
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Journalistic tastes had changed long before his death, and postmodern reader shave little use for the richly upholstered Vicwardian prose in which he specialized.
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In their recent work,however,some researchers have come up with the finding that influentials have far less impact on social epidemics than is generally supposed.
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In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.
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In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them.
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For a social epidemic to occur,however,each person so affected,must then influence his or her own acquaintances,who must in turn influence theirs,and so on;and just how many others pay attention to each of these people has little to do with the initial influential.
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Despite variations in detail, wholesale markets in the countries that have been closely examined— France, Germany, Italy and Spain—are made out of the same building blocks.
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But almost all have ignored the big, profitable opportunity in their own backyard: the wholesale food and drink trade, which appears to be just the kind of market retailers need.
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Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters.
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Bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles in public.
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The sobering aspect of Allen‘s book is that we have no one else to blame for our present condition except ourselves.
出自-2011年考研翻译原文
In fat, circumstances seem to be designed to bring out the best in us and if we feel that we have been “wronged” then we are unlikely to begin a conscious effort to escape from our situation.
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If circumstances always determined the life and prospects of people, then humanity would never have progressed.
出自-2011年考研翻译原文
Unhappy parents rarely are provoked to wonder if they shouldn’t have had kids, but unhappy childless folks are bothered with the message that children are the single most important thing in the world: obviously their misery must be a direct result of the gaping baby-size holes in their lives.
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The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the traditional classical concert.
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The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more ( ' , and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways.
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The growth in public money for academic research has speeded the process: federal research grants rose fourfold between 1960 and 1990, but faculty teaching hours fell by half as research took its toll.
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The financial crisis has made it more acceptable to be between jobs or to leave a bad one.
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The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcement of his appointment in 2009.
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So, at the end of a decade of thesis-writing, many humanities students leave the profession to do something for which they have not been trained.
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Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey:”I can’t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.
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Professionalism has turned the acquisition of a doctoral degree into a prerequisite for a successful academic career: as late as 1969 a third of American professors did not possess one.
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No disciplines have seized on professionalism with as much enthusiasm as the humanities.
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Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products.
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In the third quarter, CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had, according to Liberum Research.
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In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep.
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In a society that so persistently celebrates procreation, is it any wonder that admitting you regret having children is equivalent to admitting you support kitten-killing ? It doesn’t seem quite fair,then, to compare the regrets of parents to the regrets of the children.
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However, many leading American universities want their undergraduates to have a grounding in the basic canon of ideas that every educated person should possess.
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Gilbert’s own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization”.
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For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached.
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For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least.
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For something curious has been happening in American universities, and Louis Menand, a professor of English at Harvard University, captured it skillfully.
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For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one.
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Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert’s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him”.
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Besides professionalising the professions by this separation, top American universities have professionalised the professor.
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At Harvard, Mr.Menand notes, “the great books are read because they have been read”—they form a sort of social glue.
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As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pierre Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.
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All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.
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A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.
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This tendency in the natural sciences has long been evident in the social sciences too.
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Since the days of Aristotle, a search for universal principles has characterized the scientific enterprise.
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Gray and his colleagues have put them to the test by examining four family trees that between them represent more than 2,000 languages.
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com, which allow users to combine pictures, words and other media in creative ways and then share them, have the potential to add stickiness by amusing, entertaining and enlightening others.
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This is because the networked computer has sparked a secret war between downloading and uploading - between passive consumption and active creation - whose outcome will shape our collective future in ways we can only begin to imagine.
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The legal issues in the case are obscure: whereas the Supreme Court has ruled that states do have some regulatory authority over nuclear power, legal scholars say that Vermont case will offer a precedent-setting test of how far those powers extend.
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The hardest task that television asks of anyone is to turn the power off after he has turned it on.
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The conflict has been surfacing since 2002, when the corporation bought Vermont’s only nuclear power plant, an aging reactor in Vernon.
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The company seems to have concluded that its reputation in Vermont is already so damaged that it has noting left to lose by going to war with the state.
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Reform has been vigorously opposed, perhaps most egregiously in education, where charter schools, academies and merit pay all faced drawn-out battles.
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Politicians have repeatedly “backloaded” public-sector pay deals, keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous.
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Pledging to run Pilgrim safely, the company has applied for federal permission to keep it open for another 20 years.
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One reason for the persistence of this pyramid of production is that for the past half-century, much of the world's media culture has been defined by a single medium - television - and television is defined by downloading.
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Now the company is suddenly claiming that the 2002 agreement is invalid because of the 2006 legislation, and that only the federal government has regulatory power over nuclear issues.
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Not only did they develop such a device but by the turn of the millennium they had also managed to embed it in a worldwide system accessed by billions of people every day.
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Nobel Laureate and physiologist Albert Azent-Gyorgyi once described discovery as “seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what nobody has thought.”
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Instead, the company has done precisely what it had long promised it would not challenge the constitutionality of Vermont’s rules in the federal court, as part of a desperate effort to keep its Vermont Yankee nuclear power plant running.
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In the end, credibility “happens” to a discovery claim - a process that corresponds to what philosopher Annette Baier has described as the commons of the mind.
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In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor.
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Even though there is plenty of evidence that the quality of the teachers is the most important variable, teachers’ unions have fought against getting rid of bad ones and promoting good ones.
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But thinking what nobody else has thought and telling others what they have missed may not change their views.
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But had Entergy kept its word, that debate would be beside the point.
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Britain’s Labor Party, as its name implies, has long been associated with trade unionism.
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Bankers’ fat pay packets have attracted much criticism, but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.
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As the cost to everyone else has become clearer, politicians have begun to clamp down.
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A quarter of America’s public-sector workers have a university degree.
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One of these urges had to do with creating a state of peace in the midst of turbulence, a “still point of the turning world,” to borrow a phrase from T.
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You might even be tempted to assume that humanity has little future to look forward to.
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Towards the end of Overdressed, Cline introduced her ideal, a Brooklyn woman named Sarah Kate Beaumont, who since 2008 has made all of her own clothes – and beautifully.
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Though several fast-fashion companies have made efforts to curb their impact on labor and the environment – including H&M, with its green Conscious Collection line –Cline believes lasting change can only be effected by the customer.
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This year, it was proposed that the system be changed: Horizon 2020, a new program to be enacted in 2014, would not have such a category.
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