bacteria是什么意思_bacteria单词用法-英汉词典-词典宝网

双语例句

Chlorine is added to kill bacteria.
加入氯以杀菌。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
The bacteria are harmless to humans.
这些细菌对人无害。
《牛津词典》
The bacteria were growing in a sugar medium.
细菌在糖基中生长。
《牛津词典》
Warm milk is the ideal breeding ground for bacteria.
温牛奶是细菌理想的繁殖地。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
Some drugs kill off useful bacteria in the user's body.
某些药物会杀死服用者体内的有益细菌。
《牛津词典》
It is possible to multiply these bacteria in the laboratory.
在实验室里繁殖这些细菌是可能的。
《牛津词典》
Tests showed it was contaminated by listeria and other bacteria.
检测表明它感染有李斯特菌和其他细菌。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
It is an effective treatment for the bacteria and does kill it off.
这是一种有效的灭菌方法，确实把细菌都杀光了。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
Once in the bloodstream, the bacteria adhere to the surface of the red cells.
细菌一进入血液里，就附着在红细胞表面上。
《牛津词典》
Parts of the shop were very dirty, unhygienic, and an ideal breeding ground for bacteria.
商店的一些地方非常不卫生，是细菌滋生的理想之地。
《柯林斯英汉双解大词典》
Bacteria remain in the body.
细菌留在了人体内。
Bacteria are everywhere.
细菌无处不在。
Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.
细菌对宇航员来说是个恼人的问题。
Some of these bacteria are actually good for you.
实际上，这些细菌有的对你有益。
The pockets trap more bacteria and food particles.
这些囊状物会储存更多的细菌和食物颗粒。
How many bacteria actually transfer in five seconds?
到底在五秒之内转移了多少细菌呢？
Office carpets collected more bacteria than elsewhere.
办公室地毯上积聚的细菌多于其他地方。
A large number of bacteria collected on a single shoe.
一只鞋上就聚集了大量细菌。
There were more bacteria on sidewalks than in the home.
人行道上的细菌比家里的要多。
But how many bacteria actually transfer in five seconds?
但是有多少细菌能在五秒钟内转移呢？
The bacteria in plaque make poisons that attack the gums.
牙菌斑中的细菌会产生损伤牙龈的毒素。
Bacteria feed on this oil and release hydrogen sulfide gas.
细菌以这种油为食，并释放硫化氢气体。
Different types of bacteria existed on public-toilet floors.
公共厕所的地板上有不同类型的细菌。
And bacteria, primitive forms of life, have been seen there.
细菌——一种原始的生命形式——在那里被发现。
Was there a sudden change in the viruses and bacteria around?
周围的病毒和细菌是否突然发生了变化？
But the chance of these bacteria being on most surfaces is very low.
但是，这些细菌出现在大多数表面上的几率非常低。
No bacteria can survive such heat, and no bacteria were found there.
没有细菌能在这样的高温下生存，在那里也没有发现细菌。
They can disrupt experiments with the bacteria organisms they carry.
他们可以通过携带的细菌来扰乱实验。
To find out, we introduced bacteria to squares of tile, carpet or wood.
为了找到答案，我们把细菌注入到方砖、地毯或木制品上。
Under such conditions, the destructive effects of bacteria are diminished.
在这种条件下，细菌的破坏作用就会减弱。

短语搭配

lactic acid bacteria

乳酸菌
pathogenic bacteria

致病菌；病原菌
photosynthetic bacteria

光合细菌
harmful bacteria

有害细菌；病菌
anaerobic bacteria

厌氧细菌，厌氧菌；嫌气细菌
sulfate reducing bacteria

硫酸盐还原菌

近义词

n. 细菌

microbe bacilus

同义词辨析

germ, bacteria, virus, microbe, bug

这些名词都含\致病的微生物\之意。

germ ：微生物的俗称，专指引起人体生命的病菌。
bacteria(系bacterium的复数形式)，泛指任何在动植物体中广泛传播的微生物细菌，其中有的对生命体无害，有的能导致传染病或严重疾病，如天花、霍乱等。
virus ：技术用语，特指病毒或过滤性病原体。
microbe ：本义指在显微镜下才能见到的微生物，现在多指引起疾病的细菌。
bug ：非正式用词，指细菌或由病毒所引起的传染病。

词根词缀

bacteri

细菌

bacteri

同根词

bacteriologyn. 细菌学
bacteriolysisn. 溶菌
bacteriolyticadj. 溶菌的

-a

复数后缀

-a

peninsulan. 半岛
datan. 数据；数据资料；论据；（datum的复数）
idean. 想法；主意；念头；目标；目的；理念；观念；概念；看法
Africa非洲
formulan. 公式；方程式；计算式；惯用语句；俗套话；配方；赛车等级；程序；制剂；化学分子式
agendan. 议程；约会簿；日程表；备忘录；潜在意图；（agendum的复数）

考纲分布

近12年出现 4 次

重要程度

100%
n (plural)细菌

考纲释义

n. (plural)细菌
真题例句：
- Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.
  细菌对宇航员来说是个恼人的问题。
  [2019年全国卷2 阅读理解]
- For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity.
  在过去的两年里，戈登的学生们一直在研究在零重力下杀死细菌的方法。
  [2019年全国卷2 阅读理解]

词根词缀

bacteri

细菌

bacteri

同根词

bacteriologyn. 细菌学
bacteriolysisn. 溶菌
bacteriolyticadj. 溶菌的

-a

复数后缀

-a

peninsulan. 半岛
datan. 数据；数据资料；论据；（datum的复数）
idean. 想法；主意；念头；目标；目的；理念；观念；概念；看法
Africa非洲
formulan. 公式；方程式；计算式；惯用语句；俗套话；配方；赛车等级；程序；制剂；化学分子式
agendan. 议程；约会簿；日程表；备忘录；潜在意图；（agendum的复数）

单词辨析

bacteriabacterium的复数形式，泛指任何在动植物体中广泛传播的微生物细菌，其中有的对生命体无害，有的能导致传染病或严重疾病，如天花、霍乱等。
bug非正式用词，指细菌或由病毒所引起的传染病。
germ微生物的俗称，专指引起人体生命的病菌。
microbe本义指在显微镜下才能见到的微生物，现在多指引起疾病的细菌。

真题例句

Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts.
2019年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解阅读D 原文
Consequently, she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners, which can reduce oral bacteria.
2019年高考英语北京卷阅读理解阅读B 原文
For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution.
2019年高考英语全国卷2 阅读理解阅读D 原文
Ordinary soap, use correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.
2018年高考英语北京卷单项填空原文

考纲分布

近12年出现 40 次

重要程度

100%
n (plural)细菌

考纲释义

n. (plural)细菌
真题例句：
- Bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces, so wash your hands frequently ．
  已有证据表明机舱表面存在细菌，所以要经常洗手。
  [2019年 CET4 阅读理解]
- Bacteria are carried by various \media\, which can include raw food, moist surfaces where bacteria have been left, our hands or skin and from coughing or sneezing (打喷嚏) .
  细菌通过各种“媒介”携带，包括生的食物、留下细菌的潮湿表面、我们的手或皮肤以及咳嗽或打喷嚏。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- Bacteria in these communities also have an enhanced resistance to sanitizes (清洁剂) and antibiotics compared to bacteria living on their own.
  相较于独自生存的细菌而言，这些群落中的细菌对于消毒水和抗生素的抵抗力也增强了。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- Bio film communities can harbor bacteria longer and are very difficult to clean.
  生物膜群落可以较长时间地滋生细菌，而且很难清洗。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- Clarke and her colleagues introduced bacteria to floor tiles (瓷砖) and then placed cookies on the tiles for varying times.
  Clarke和她的同事将细菌引入地板砖，然后以不同的时间将饼干放在地板砖上。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- Five minutes after that, we placed either bacon or bread on the surface for 5, 30 or 60 seconds, and then measured the number of bacteria transferred to the food.
  五分钟后，我们将培根或面包放在表面上5秒、30秒或60秒，然后测量转移到食物上的细菌数量。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain of bacteria can cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems.
  例如，10个或更少的特别致命的细菌菌株，就能使免疫系统受损的人得重病和死亡。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- Hands, foods and utensils (器皿) can carry individual bacteria living in communities contained within a protective film.
  手、食物和器皿可以携带生活在保护膜中的单个细菌。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- If you have millions or more bacteria on a surface, 0.1% is still enough to make you sick.
  如果你的食物表面有数百万或更多的细菌，0.1%足以让你生病。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- It depends on just how many bacteria can make it from floor to food in a few seconds and just how dirty the floor is.
  这取决于几秒钟之内从地板到食物的细菌数量，以及地板的肮脏程度。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- It looks like what's at issue is much more how contaminated with bacteria that patch of floor happens to be.
  看起来问题更多的是在于那块地板被细菌污染的程度。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- the chance of these bacteria being on most surfaces is very low.
  这些细菌在大多数表面的几率非常低。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- The overall number of bacteria on the surface mattered more, and this decreased over time after the initial introduction.
  表面的细菌总数更重要，而且在最初引入后，随着时间的推移，细菌数量会减少。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- These microscopic layers of deposits containing bacteria are known as bio films and they are found on most surfaces and objects.
  这些含有细菌的微观沉积层被称为生物膜，它们存在于大多数表面和物体上。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- They reported bacteria were transferred from the tiles to the cookies within five seconds.
  他们的报告显示，细菌在5秒钟内从瓷砖转移到饼干上。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- To find out, we introduced bacteria to squares of tile, carpet or wood.
  为了找出答案，我们将细菌引入瓷砖、地毯或者木头中。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- The number of bacteria transferred to either kind of food didn't depend much on how long the food was in contact with the contaminated surface.
  转移到两种食物中的细菌数量与食物与受污染表面的接触时间长短没有太大的关系。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- We repeated this exact procedure after the bacteria had been on the surface for 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours.
  细菌在表面停留了2、4、8、24小时后，我们重复了这一步骤。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- We wanted to know if the length of time food is in contact with a contaminated surface affected the rate of transfer of bacteria to the food.
  我们想知道食物与受污染表面接触的时间长短是否会影响细菌向食物转移的速度。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]
- When a carpet was contaminated, less than 1% of the bacteria were transferred. But when the food was in contact with tile or wood, 45-70% of bacteria were.
  当地毯被污染时，只有不到1%的细菌被转移。但当食物与瓷砖或木头接触时，45-70%的细菌被转移了。
  [2018年 CET4 阅读理解]

词根词缀

bacteri

细菌

bacteri

同根词

bacteriologyn. 细菌学
bacteriolysisn. 溶菌
bacteriolyticadj. 溶菌的

-a

复数后缀

-a

peninsulan. 半岛
datan. 数据；数据资料；论据；（datum的复数）
idean. 想法；主意；念头；目标；目的；理念；观念；概念；看法
Africa非洲
formulan. 公式；方程式；计算式；惯用语句；俗套话；配方；赛车等级；程序；制剂；化学分子式
agendan. 议程；约会簿；日程表；备忘录；潜在意图；（agendum的复数）

单词辨析

bacteria(系bacterium的复数形式)，泛指任何在动植物体中广泛传播的微生物细菌，其中有的对生命体无害，有的能导致传染病或严重疾病，如天花、霍乱等。
bug非正式用词，指细菌或由病毒所引起的传染病。
germ微生物的俗称，专指引起人体生命的病菌。
microbe本义指在显微镜下才能见到的微生物，现在多指引起疾病的细菌。

真题例句

Also, certain types of bacteria are extremely harmful, and it takes only a small number to make you sick.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
Bacteria are carried by various 'media', which can include raw food, moist surfaces where bacteria have been left, our hands or skin and from coughing or sneezing (打喷嚏).
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
Bacteria in these communities also have an enhanced resistance to sanitizers (清洁剂) and antibiotics compared to bacteria living on their own.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
Biofilm communities can harbor bacteria longer and are very difficult to clean, Bacteria in these communities also have an enhanced resistance to sanitizers (清洁剂) and antibiotics compared to bacteria living on their own.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
But when the food was in contact with tile or wood, 48-70% of bacteria were.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
Clarke and her colleagues introduced bacteria to floor tiles (瓷砖) and then placed cookies on the tiles for varying times.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
five minutes after that, we placed either bacon or bread on the surface for 5, 30 or 60 seconds,and then measured the number of bacteria transferred to the food.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
For example, 10 bacteria or less of an especially deadly strain of bacteria can cause severe illness and death in people with compromised immune systems.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
Hands, foods and utensils can carry individual bacteria living in communities contained within a protective film.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
However, bacteria have been shown to live on cabin surfaces, so wash your hands frequently.
2019年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section A
It depends on just how many bacteria can make it from floor to food in a few seconds and just how dirty the floor is.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
The overall number of bacteria on the surface mattered more, and this decreased over time after the initial introduction.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
These microscopic layers of deposits containing bacteria are known as biofilms and they are found on most surfaces and objects.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
They reported bacteria were transferred from the tiles to the cookies within five seconds, but didn't report the specific amount of bacteria that made it from the tiles to the food.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
To find out, we introduced bacteria to squares of tile, carpet or wood.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
We found that the number of bacteria transferred to either kind of food didn't depend much on how long the food was in contact with the contaminated surface——whether for a few seconds or for a whole minute.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
We repeated this exact procedure after the bacteria had been on the surface for 2, 4, 8 and 24 hours.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
We wanted to know if the length of time food is in contact with a contaminated surface affected the rate of transfer of bacteria to the food.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B
When a carpet was contaminated, less than 1% of the bacteria were transferred.
2018年12月四级真题（第三套）阅读 Section B

考纲分布

近12年出现 45 次

重要程度

100%
n (plural)细菌

考纲释义

n. (plural)细菌
真题例句：
- Office carpets collected more bacteria than elsewhere.
  办公室地毯比其他地方收集的细菌更多。
  [2021年 CET6 听力]
- There were more bacteria on sidewalks than in the home.
  人行道上的细菌比家里的多。
  [2021年 CET6 听力]
- They found that up to 421,000 units of bacteria can collect on the outside of a single shoe.
  他们发现，仅仅一只鞋的鞋面上就可以聚集多达42.1万个细菌单位。
  [2021年 CET6 听力]

词根词缀

bacteri

细菌

bacteri

同根词

bacteriologyn. 细菌学
bacteriolysisn. 溶菌
bacteriolyticadj. 溶菌的

-a

复数后缀

-a

peninsulan. 半岛
datan. 数据；数据资料；论据；（datum的复数）
idean. 想法；主意；念头；目标；目的；理念；观念；概念；看法
Africa非洲
formulan. 公式；方程式；计算式；惯用语句；俗套话；配方；赛车等级；程序；制剂；化学分子式
agendan. 议程；约会簿；日程表；备忘录；潜在意图；（agendum的复数）

单词辨析

bacteria(系bacterium的复数形式)，泛指任何在动植物体中广泛传播的微生物细菌，其中有的对生命体无害，有的能导致传染病或严重疾病，如天花、霍乱等。
bug非正式用词, 指细菌或由病毒所引起的传染病。
germ微生物的俗称, 专指引起人体生命的病菌。
microbe本义指在显微镜下才能见到的微生物, 现在多指引起疾病的细菌。

真题例句

In fact, you may have heard about the new \superbugs\, which are antibiotic-resistant bacteria that have developed as a result of overprescribed antibiotics.
2017年6月六级真题（第一套）听力 Section B
It's not only the study of human population, but the populations of non-human species, including viruses like influenza, the bacteria in your gut, plants that you eat, animals that you enjoy or that provide you with meat.
2017年6月六级真题（第二套）听力 Section C
When this water is used for agricultural irrigation, farmers risk absorbing disease-causing bacteria, as do consumers who eat the produce raw and unwashed.
2016年6月六级真题（第二套）阅读 Section C