These things lead to spillovers, which is the wastage of food.

我们崇尚竞争，产生‘溢出品’，因此造成了食品浪费。

The scope for nasty spillovers is increased by direct linkages.

意外危险的机会就这样通过直接的联系增加了。

The result indicates that there is spillover lags in pure knowledge spillovers.

结果表明，纯知识溢出存在时滞性。

Knowledge spillovers not only has economies of scale, but also has economies of scope.

知识溢出不仅具有规模经济，而且还具有范围经济和联结经济。

Those spillovers depend on the size of the economy as much as the scale of any misalignments.

溢出效应既取决于失调的严重程度，也取决于经济规模的大小。

The model highlights international spillovers between rival exporters that result from mergers.

该模型展示了并购所引起的出口竞争对手之间的国际溢出效应。

The main causes of agglomeration economics are vertical division of production and knowledge spillovers.

聚集经济的主要来源是生产纵向分工和知识溢出。

That is, each of the main body of knowledge spillovers are the main actors as overflowing and absorbing.

即每一个知识溢出主体都扮演者溢出主体和吸收主体的双重角色。

Knowledge spillovers is an involuntary spillover of knowledge, it is also a multi-level overflow process.

知识溢出是知识的非自愿外溢，是一个多级溢出的过程。

This paper assumes transport infrastructure has the effects of spatial spillovers on regional economic growth.

本文认为，交通基础设施对其所在区域外的其他区域同时具有正溢出和负溢出作用。

A second issue concerns the spillovers from policy choices, both within the rich world and between rich and emerging economies.

第二个问题跟政策选择导致的人口外溢有关，既包括富裕国家内部的人口外溢，也包括在富裕国家和新兴经济体之间的人口外溢。

An empirical research shows that, at the national level, inter-provincial spillovers' stimulative effect is the most significant.

经验研究表明，全国层面上，省域间绿色技术溢出的促进效应最为显著。

The author puts forwards some policy Suggestions to intensify knowledge production and spillovers according to the empirical results.

依据实证结果，本文提出了强化知识生产与溢出的政策性建议。

Economic effects of knowledge spillovers bring into play due to spatial distance, market structure, accepting ability, social networks.

知识溢出的经济效应的发挥受到空间距离、市场结构、接受能力和社会网络等因素的影响。

The global average of growth spillovers when a country grows one percent is 0.4 percent growth for its neighbors, according to Reinikka.

Reinikka表示，从增长溢流的全球平均水平看，一个国家增长速度为1%情况下对其邻国所产生的溢流增长率为0.4%。

On the one hand, these risks relate to developments and imbalances in the global economy and their possible spillovers to the euro area.

不利的风险一方面在于全球经济的走势和失衡问题以及可能影响欧元区的溢出效应。

The effects of change of spillovers on R&D expenditures, outputs, profits, consumer surplus and social welfare are analyzed under every case.

在每种情况下，都讨论了溢出的变动对R&D支出、产量、利润、消费者剩余和社会福利的影响。

How to optimize the knowledge spillover environment of Taiyuan, to further enhance its knowledge spillovers, is an urgent problem to be solved.

如何优化太原市的知识溢出环境，进一步提升其知识溢出效应，是一个亟待解决的课题。

Moreover, the production of knowledge by regions seems to be also affected by spatial spillovers due to R&D activity performed in other regions.

知识生产的局部溢出是存在的； 邻近地区的R&D的努力对当地知识生产的影响作用是随着距离而衰减的。

Human capital of senior high school level promotes technology input from FDI while junior high school level influences technology spillovers mostly.

区域样本显示，东部地区的高中教育促进了技术输入效应，初中教育促进了技术外溢效应。

We have to agree on common approaches to recapitalising financial systems and restoring credit, in order to prevent costly spillovers on to one another.

俺们必须同心协力重建金融系统并恢复信用，为的是肥水不流外人田。

Well-calibrated and effective communication of policy stances will help toboost confidence, enhance policy effectiveness, and limit negative spillovers.

精准和有效的政策立场沟通有助于增强信心，提高政策的有效性，降低负面溢出效应。

To obtain spillovers is one of the key criteria of appraising the performance of attracting FDI and adjust FDI policy for the government of host country.

是否获得溢出效应是评价东道国引进外资实绩、调整东道国外资政策的重要依据。

History tells us they cannot identify the timing of a crisis, or anticipate exactly where it will be located or how large the losses and spillovers will be.

历史告诉我们，他们不能识别危机的各时间要素，也不能准确预料到危机发生的领域，或者损失和殃及范围的大小。

This article used R&D knowledge spillovers and FDI spillover to measure the inter-regional knowledge spillovers and international technological spillovers.

文章分别以R&D知识溢出和FDI知识溢出来衡量区域间知识溢出和国际间知识溢出。

The recent literatures show that the mechanisms of spillovers from FDI are more likely to operate at the inter-industry rather than the intra-industry level.

近来理论研究显示，FDI溢出机制更有可能是在行业间而非行业内层面运行。

There's the obvious problems of spillovers, cascading housing price depreciation, lack of mobility, abandoned properties and the effects on neighborhoods, etc.

目前的明显问题有：人口外流，房价大幅贬值，缺乏流动性，被遗弃的地产及对社区的影响等。