Shopkeepers expertly rolled spices up in bay leaves.

店主在行地把各种香料卷进了月桂叶中。

Their herbs and spices are arranged in alphabetical order on narrow open shelves.

他们的草药和调味品按照字母顺序列在狭窄、开放的架子上。

Spices inspired the medieval imagination.

香料激发了中世纪的想象力。

Why this medieval fascination with spices?

为什么中世纪的人们如此迷恋香料呢？

Spices were the most sought-after commodities.

香料是最受欢迎的商品。

They deal in books, furniture, hardware and spices.

他们经销书籍、家具、五金、香料。

Spices actually aren't very effective as preservatives.

香料实际上不是很有效的防腐剂。

Robbers who stole the silks and spices also caused trouble.

偷丝绸和香料的强盗也引起了麻烦。

Third, mysterious origins and kinds of mythical status of spices.

第三，香料的神秘起源及各种香料的神秘地位。

If you could afford spices, you could definitely afford fresh meat.

如果你买得起香料，你肯定买得起鲜肉。

These sauces are made from tomatoes, onions, hot peppers and spices.

这些酱料是由西红柿、洋葱、辣椒和香料制成的。

Now, this is a good point to mention one of the biggest myths about spices.

现在，这是一个很好的点来提及一个最大的关于香料的神话。

Now for cost and rarity, spices aren't native to Europe and they had to be imported.

现在由于价格和稀有度，香料不是欧洲本土的，必须进口。

Anyone who had to worry about spoiled meat couldn't afford spices in the first place.

那些担心肉会变质的人一开始都买不起香料。

Myths grew up of fantasy lands, magical faraway places made entirely of food and spices.

神话产生于幻想的国度——那些完全由食物和香料构成的神奇而遥远的地方。

Spices can come from tree bark like cinnamon, plant roots like ginger, flower buds like cloves.

香料可以由肉桂等植物的树干、姜等的根、四叶草等的花蕾制成。

It's commonly said that medieval Europeans wanted spices to cover up the taste of spoiled meat.

人们常说，中世纪的欧洲人想要以香料来掩盖变质肉的味道。

Cinnamon on toast or oatmeal is so tasty. It's actually one of the most powerful healing spices.

在面包或麦片中放点肉桂味道好极了。实际上它是最有效的治疗用香料之一。

Ful medames, a dish of partially mashed fava beans laced with herbs, spices, and oil, was also considered.

富尔·梅达梅斯，一道由半碎的蚕豆、配上药草、香料和油做成的菜也在考虑之中。

In order to really study the social history of the Middle Ages, you have to understand the role of spices.

为了真正研究中世纪的社会历史，你必须了解香料的作用。

Spices now came by way of the trade routes with lots of intermediaries between the producer and the consumer.

现在，香料在生产商和顾客之间辗转多次才能完成交易，

Other export crops are tobacco, coffee, bananas, spices and citrus fruits, such as orange, lemon or grapefruit.

其他出口作物有烟草、咖啡、香蕉、香料以及橘子、柠檬或西柚这样的柑橘类水果。

Use this knife to chop, slice and mince; the side of the blade can be used for crushing garlic and some spices.

用这刀剁碎、切片或切碎物体；刀片侧面可以用于压碎大蒜和一些香料。

Lauder invents new scents for the company, and she often replaces salt in her food with fragrant herbs and spices.

兰黛为公司开发了许多新香水，她也常常用香草和香料代替食物中的盐。

Europeans were familiar with lots of different spices, most important being pepper, cloves, ginger, cinnamon, maize and nutmeg.

欧洲人熟悉许多不同的香料，最重要的是胡椒、丁香、生姜、肉桂、玉米和肉豆蔻。

These spices literarily dominated the way Europeans lived for centuries, how they traded and even how they used their imaginations.

几个世纪以来，这些香料可以说是主导了欧洲人的生活方式、贸易方式，甚至是他们发挥想象力的方式。

Spices not only dramatically improved the taste of the European diet, but also were used to manufacture perfumes and certain medicines.

香料不仅极大地改善了欧洲饮食的口味，而且还被用于制造香水和某些药物。

The cook started looking for new ways to improve the taste and spices were the answer, which brings us to mysterious origins and mythical status.

厨师开始寻找新的方法来改善口味，香料最终脱颖而出，这让我们想起了香料的神秘起源和地位。

Likewise, although Spaniards adjusted Mesoamerican recipes by using European spices, the spices chosen suggest an attempt to replicate harder-to-find native flowers.

同样地，尽管西班牙人用欧洲香料调整了中美洲的食谱，但他们选择的香料表明他们试图复制更难找到的本土花卉。