Isotopic analysis of shells allowed geologists to measure another glacial effect.

对贝壳的同位素分析使得地质学家可以测量另一种冰川效应。

In all these diverse regions, Agassiz saw signs of glacial erosion and sedimentation.

在这些不同的地区，Agassiz 都能发现冰川侵蚀和沉降的痕迹。

The glacial system is governed by two basic climatic variables: precipitation and temperature.

冰川系统由两个基本的气候变量控制：降水和温度。

That rate of heating is far greater than during the last glacial retreat some 12,000 years ago.

这一升温速度远高于约1.2万年前的最后一次冰川消退。

When snowfalls on high mountains or in polar regions, it may become part of the glacial system.

当雪落在高山或极地地区时，它可能成为冰川系统的一部分。

Over the past two million years, colder glacial periods have alternated with warmer interglacial periods.

在过去的200万年里，寒冷的冰期与较暖和的间冰期交替出现。

Between the older layers of glacial material were well-developed soils containing fossils of warm-climate plants.

较古老的冰川物质层之间是发育良好的土壤，它含有（生活在）温暖气候中的植物的化石。

High carbon dioxide levels are associated with warm interglacial periods, and low levels with cold glacial periods.

高二氧化碳含量与温暖的间冰期有关，低二氧化碳含量与寒冷的冰期有关。

Ocean sediments presented a much more complete geologic record of the Pleistocene than continental glacial deposits did.

相比于大陆冰川沉积物，海洋沉积物提供了更完整的更新世时期的地质记录。

It soon became clear that there were multiple glacial ages during the Pleistocene, with warmer interglacial intervals between them.

很快我们了解到，在更新世存在多个冰川期，其间还包括多个温暖的间冰期。

The methane concentration nearly doubled, for example, between the peak of the penultimate glacial period and the following interglacial period.

例如，在倒数第二个冰期的高峰和接下来的间冰期之间，甲烷浓度几乎增加了一倍。

With additional time, pressure, and refrozen meltwater from above, the small firn granules become larger, interlocked crystals of blue glacial ice.

随着时间的推移，压力的增加，再加上从上方重新冻结的融水，小冰原颗粒成为相互锁结的大晶体蓝色冰川冰。

Recent studies do in fact show that high carbon dioxide levels are associated with warm interglacial periods, and low levels with cold glacial periods.

最近的研究确实表明，高二氧化碳水平与温暖的间冰期有关，而低二氧化碳水平与寒冷的冰期有关。

As geologists mapped glacial deposits in the late nineteenth century, they became aware that there were several layers of drift, the lower ones corresponding to earlier ice ages.

19世纪晚期，在地质学家对这些冰川沉积进行定位的时候，他们意识到有好几个漂流层，位置较低的对应的是更早的冰川期。

Interglacial periods are, typically periods of time between Ice Ages, when the climate warms, and the glacial ice retreats for a time, before things cool off again and another Ice Age begins.

间冰期通常是在冰期之间的一段时间，这时气候变暖，冰川的冰会暂时消退，直到气候再次变冷，下一个冰期开始。

Change occurs at a glacial pace.

变化来得极为缓慢。

Her expression was glacial.

她表情冷淡。

Relations between the two countries had always been glacial.

这两国间的关系一直不好。

The water was always laden with pebbles, gravel, and sand, known as glacial outwash, that was deposited as the flow slowed down.

水里总是遍布鹅卵石、砾石和沙子——它们被称为冰水沉积，是在水流减缓时沉积下来的。

The oxygen isotope ratio of the ocean changes as a great deal of water is withdrawn from it by evaporation and is precipitated as snow to form glacial ice.

随着大量的水通过蒸发被抽离，并以雪的形式沉淀形成冰川冰，海洋中氧同位素的比率就发生了变化。

A surplus allows snow to accumulate and for the pressure of snow accumulated over the years to transform buried snow into glacial ice with a depth great enough for the ice to flow.

剩余的积雪能够让雪集成堆，且由于多年的积雪形成的压力，剩余的积雪能够让掩埋的雪变成冰川冰，这些冰川冰的厚度足以使冰块流动。

Recent expeditions have taken ice samples from green icebergs and ice cores—vertical, cylindrical ice samples reaching down to great depths—from the glacial ice shelves along the Antarctic continent.

近代的探险队已经从绿色冰山和冰核中带回了一些冰块样本，这些样本呈垂直的圆柱状，是沿着南极洲大陆的冰川冰架从极深的位置中取出的。

To locate the optimal drill site, the team had to conduct the first detailed characterisation of the physiography of a sub-glacial lake.

为了确定最佳的钻探点，研究小组首先要确定详细的冰河湖的地貌。

But I can see glacial ice.

但是我看到了冰河的冰。

Researchers call it the glacial buzz-saw.

研究人员称其为“冰锯”。

Researchers call it the glacial buzz-saw.

研究人员称之为为“冰山锯”。

The good news is that Congress moves at a glacial pace.

好消息就是国会也在行动。

It was formed as a limestone cave during the glacial period.

它是于冰河时期形成的石灰岩洞。